Karnataka has issued a health advisory for Sabarimala pilgrims after confirmed cases of Amoebic meningoencephalitis were reported in Kerala. The advisory warns about Naegleria fowleri, a rare but dangerous brain-eating amoeba found in warm freshwater sources. Pilgrims are urged to take precautions during ritual bathing and while visiting natural water bodies.
Karnataka Health Advisory for Sabarimala Pilgrims: Brain-Eating Amoeba Alert
Nature of the Brain-Eating Amoeba
- Naegleria fowleri grows in warm freshwater, such as ponds, lakes, stagnant water, and poorly maintained swimming pools.
- The infection does not spread from person to person or through drinking water.
- The amoeba enters the body through the nose. Once it reaches the brain, it can cause Amoebic meningoencephalitis, a rapidly progressing and often fatal disease.
Precautionary Measures for Pilgrims
- Avoid allowing water into the nose while bathing in freshwater bodies.
- Use nose clips or tightly cover the nose during ritual bathing.
- Stay cautious in warm or untreated water sources throughout the pilgrimage.
- Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms appear within seven days of freshwater exposure.
Symptoms to Watch
- Fever
- Severe headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Stiff neck
- Confusion or behavioural changes
Early detection and prompt hospital care significantly improve chances of survival.
Exam-Oriented Key Facts
- Infection occurs only when contaminated water enters the nose.
- Amoebic meningoencephalitis progresses rapidly and is often fatal.
- Naegleria fowleri is found in warm freshwater, not seawater.
- There is no human-to-human transmission.
- Pilgrims must seek medical care if symptoms appear within 7 days of exposure.
Question & Answer
Q1. Which state issued a health advisory for Sabarimala pilgrims due to brain-eating amoeba?
(a) Kerala
(b) Karnataka
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Karnataka
Q2. Naegleria fowleri enters the human body through which route?
(a) Mouth
(b) Nose
(c) Skin cuts
(d) Eyes
Answer: Nose
Q3. What disease does Naegleria fowleri cause?
(a) Malaria
(b) Amoebic meningoencephalitis
(c) Dengue
(d) Typhoid
Answer: Amoebic meningoencephalitis
Q4. Which type of water does Naegleria fowleri commonly thrive in?
(a) Cold freshwater
(b) Warm freshwater
(c) Seawater
(d) Bottled water
Answer: Warm freshwater
Q5. Is Naegleria fowleri infection transmitted from person to person?
(a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Only in rare cases
(d) Only in children
Answer: No
Q6. Within how many days of freshwater exposure should medical attention be sought if symptoms appear?
(a) 3 days
(b) 5 days
(c) 7 days
(d) 10 days
Answer: 7 days
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